Saturday, 2 May 2026

CN's Suburban Train Linking the Inner and Outer Stations

Beginning in 1885, Grand Trunk Railway (later CN) "Suburban" service between the Inner and Outer Stations (Kingston City and Kingston Junction in timetable parlance, respectively). The Suburban would arrive or depart from trackage behind the Outer Station, allowing passengers to transfer to mainline trains across the platform. Making ten round trips daily, taking 12 minutes each way, as shown in a GTR timetable from October, 1920 (top photo). A through sleeper to Toronto operated from 1911 to 1929 - passengers were encouraged to board the sleeper early to start their nocturnal inter-city trip in comfort. Usually the Suburban comprised one locomotive, baggage and coach by the 1920’s, though photos of the service have proven elusive.
The demise of the Suburban seems due to the substantially lower number of passengers, concurrent with  the advent of automobiles and taxi service (1924 Whig ad - above, and 1927 Whig ad - below).
The expense of dedicated CN crews and equipment to maintain the shuttle service was estimated at $30,000-35,000 annually. At the time, streetcar service linked the Outer Station with downtown, but that too would change with the disastrous March 1, 1930 car-barn fire that overnight switched the city's transit mode from streetcar to bus. Another aspect of the Suburban's discontinuance was ongoing discussions with CN regarding the impending construction of a CN spur to the new terminal grain elevator on Cataraqui Bay, construction of which begun in 1929, and the railway markedly decreasing the amount the city would be asked to pay. The promise of a CN station relocation was never fulfilled.

The last run of the Suburban was on January 4, 1930. The J.P. Hanley ticket agency moved to a more central downtown location. One unexpected benefit was the arrival of mail from the mainline trains 30-45 minutes earlier at the downtown Post Office! The mail was then carried by truck driven by J.D. Morris, leaving the station at once. 

Whig clippings chart the downfall and end of the Suburban service:

Published October 22, 1929 - CN asked the city to join in its BRC application for Suburban discontinuance.
Published January 3, 1930 and taking effect two days later:

The following Whig account of the Suburban's last run on Saturday, January 4 was published on January 6, 1930. It gives an interesting breakdown of the number of passengers departing and arriving on intercity trains that day, plus their mode of transit into the city. It also lists running trades employees who operated the Suburban:

The Canadian National Railways suburban train, which has operated between the Outer Station and Kingston City Station since 1885 started its last trip on Saturday afternoon at 5.30 from the city station to make connections with the east-bound inter-city train at 5.45. When it steamed back into the city station at 6.15 on Saturday night it completed forty-five years of faithful service, during which time thousands of passengers had been carried to and from the city and thousands of pounds of baggage and mail have also been transported. With the passing of the Suburban train, Kingston loses something very familiar to it, an institution which has been part of the daily life of the city for as long as most citizens can remember. Only freight and express will be carried on the Suburban train in future and the run will be from the Outer Station to the freight sheds on Wellington street. One train crew will be employed on this but the other crew, which comprises an engineer, conductor, fireman and two brakemen, whose homes have been here, will be forced to go elsewhere on the Canadian National lines.

What has been known as Kingston Junction will be known as Kingston Station and passengers will now depend entirely upon taxi cabs or privately owned cars and on the street car service to get to and from the statton. The street car schedule will not be changed for at present the cars make very satisfactory connection as far as bringing passengers to the city from the day trains. The street railway does not pretend to make close connections with outgoing trains nor any connection with the late night trains. 

During the early years of its operation, the Suburban line was thriving one and carried large numbers of passengers to and from the two stations, but of recent years the motor car has cut deeply into its business. At times the Suburban train has carried but one passenger, the taxi cabs and privately-owned cars carrying the great majority of passengers from the Outer Station into the city. The Canadian National claimed a heavy loss by the operation of the Suburban line and the fate of the line figured in the agreements made between the city of Kingston and the Canadian National Railways in negotiations undertaken of late for the erection of a new station in Kingston, the spur line to the elevator and other matters affecting the railway facilities of Kingston. There was a certain amount of sentiment connected with the suburban on its last trip to Kingston Junction on Saturday at 5.30 and many, who had a more or less close connection with it were loathe to see it pass out of existence. A Whig-Standard representative was one of the passengers who made the last round trip on the suburban train and heard nothing else talked of on the train but the last trip, the removal of the train from service, the fate of the travelling public to and from Kingston and several other aspects of the changed condition.

The last Suburban ticket was sold by C. V. Hanley to Clair Devlin of the Whig-Standard staff. The number of the ticket was 00036. Needlees to say, the ticket will be retained by the purchaser as a souvenir.

On its final trip to the Outer Station the Suburban carried eight passengers, six of whom were going on the inter-city train. It is worthy of note that on her return trip to the city, the Suburban carried thirteen passengers. There were forty-nine passengers got off the intercity train for Kingston and of that number thirty-eight took taxis or private cars into the city, the Suburban getting eleven; two of the thirteen on the trip into city had made the trip out to the station. The Suburban train has been operating between Kingston City-Kingston Junction since 1885 and in that year city station was built although Suburban had the been operating for two or three months before the station was erected.

Previous to the time the station was built, the ticket office was situated next to where the Anglo-American Hotel stands now on Ontario Street. The office was in charge of Mr. Thomas Hanley, who was the first Kingston agent of the railway | and in whose family the agency has remained, going to his son, the present agent, J. P. Hanley. Since Mr. J. P. Hanley's illness, nearly two years ago, the office has been in charge of James Hanley, his son, and Cleary V. Hanley, his brother.

At the time the ticket office was on Ontario Street, the train ran into the foot of Johnson Street and the baggage was kept over in a freight shed near the water on the south side of the tracks. As soon as the new station was finished, some two or three months later, however. these conditions were changed and tickets and baggage were handled in the new building. There is an idea in some quarters that the Suburban train ran only to the foot of Brock Street for some time and that the track was later extended to Johnson Street. This idea is exploded however, by a veteran of the railway line, who declares that the line always went to the foot of Johnson Street and in recent years the line was extended to the Collingwood Shipbuilding plant as it was then, now the Kingston Shipbullding Company. Tracks had always run into the Canadian Locomotive Company's plant at the foot of William Street. 

First Conductor H. Tucker of Brockville was the first conductor of the Suburban train and Patrick Smith of Kingston was the first engineer on the line. Thomas McDermott, who resides on Garrett Street, is the veteran of the road, and incidentally was on the Suburban's final run. He served as conductor for over forty years, retiring from the service nearly two years ago. James Summerby of Brockville was the second conductor on the Suburban line, succeeding Mr. Tucker. Mr. McDermott, who started on the train as baggageman and held that post for two years, was the next conductor on the line.

It was at this time, when Mr. McDermott went on as conductor, that the late John Doyle, who for many years was Mr. McDermott's partner on the train and who was killed at the Outer Station about two years ago went on the Suburban as baggageman. After Mr. Summerby left the line Mr. Doyle took over the position of conductor on the night train while Mr. McDermott was conductor on the day train. Altogether Mr. Doyle and Mr. McDermott worked together on the Suburban line forty-four years, a truly remarkable length of service together.

Edward Clarke of Brockville was the night conductor on the train during the time that Mr. Tucker was the day conductor. J. A. Wilson, the present conductor, and who was in charge of the last Suburban train on Saturday, succeeded Mr. McDermott as conductor, when the latter was retired. Conductor Davy of Brockville was the man who succeeded the late Mr. Doyle as conductor on the train when he was killed at the Outer Station. [A fatal skull fracture caused by falling from a boxcar on October 25, 1925.] Mr. Wilson's engineer on the last trip was Thomas Hiddelston of Belleville.

James Brown of Belleville was engineer on the train when Mr. MeDermott started as conductor. In the list of engineers who have served on the line are John Myrne of Belleville, Louis Rogers of Belleville and W. J. Logue of Kingston, who was retired a short time ago.

Andrew Kennedy of Belleville, and E. McHardy, who is the veteran engineer on the line. Mr. McHardy, it will be recalled, suffered a broken foot in a smash at the Outer Station some weeks ago.

Sunday, 19 April 2026

Just One Little Sign

One nice thing about having the most completely-scenicked layout I've ever had is the much smaller scope of work still to be done. Without the need to complete huge swaths of scenery, I can focus on micro-scenicking - short projects that add a lot. Such was the case with this little sign added along the CN Hanley Spur, bracketed by Millard & Lumb and Sowards Coal, and visible upon entering the layout room. I've found that such signs I've already placed look good and can be functional -  showing where partly-hidden track switches are located.  This is a Rapido Bits sign that I glued to a soft-metal diamond-shaped signpost I painted white with a black base.
While I was exploring the area with iPhone in hand, I snapped some views of the nearby street scene: Sowards coal unloading trestle and newly-relocated office/shop at centre, with the Brock Street fire hall, Kingston Milling and the Bajus Brewery all visible. All structures are repositionable, so the street scene is always changing.
The Sowards sign is taken from an archival photo of the actual office.


I also took the opportunity to improve some scenery in the area: adding foliage tufts, painting some exposed plywood green or black, touching up the Sowards coal piles, installing a fence or two, and repositioning some of Sowards' coal-handling equipment:
A recent read of layout guru Lance Mindheim reinforced that random piles of gravel or dumped fill are an often-overlooked prototype feature. I've added a few by sculpting piles with modelling clay, then adding scenic material held down with white glue.

Saturday, 11 April 2026

CN Switches the Hanley Spur

A recent photography trip down the Hanley Spur with CN 3120 netted these pictures. Heading south past Rideau and North Streets:

Reaching Place d'Armes, a single hopper car of coal is set out for Crawford Fuels. This spur gets switched alternating with Kingston Milling - the main structure in the background:

A smattering of shots of a True-Line Trains CN caboose as the train returns to the Outer Station yard. 




A very common denizen of the Outer Station yard - CN boarding cars for work crews while in town.


Also at the Outer Station - an ancient ice reefer and a view of the Outer Station parking lot and station breezeway. The late-19th century part of the station (at right - below) was just demolished.

Saturday, 14 March 2026

Outer Station Buildings Demolished

Thanks to Andrew Jeanes for the heads-up this week about the depressing demolition of dilapidated buildings at the Outer Station site. Andrew kindly shared the top photo. Fittingly, the word dilapidated originates from the Latin verb dilapidare, literally ‘scatter as if throwing stones but more commonly 'wasted' or 'squandered'. All apply to long and slow decline of the former Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian National Railways gateway to our fair city. As with most Canadian railway stations, settlers settled, soldiers departed, immigrants arrived.

A rear view of the station parking lot taken in 1972, with a CN AMC Hornet in the foreground, and CN passenger train stopped at the station, from Vintage Kingston Facebook:
Captioned March, 1974 this online auction site photo shows an eastbound CN passenger train making its station stop, providentially pre-dilapidation:
A similar angle showing a kid in short pants watching a Toronto-Montreal train arriving in 1970 taken by L.C. Gagnon:
Our family has a long association with Kingston. Growing up in Lachine, QC gave us the opportunity to drive here in our 1961 Volkswagen Beetle. There were five of us and I rode in the middle of the back seat, knees around ears with my feet on the drive-shaft hump. We visited local tourist attractions such as Old Fort Henry and Aunt Lucy’s Restaurant. 

Kingston is a place where things don’t change much over time. At the time, we didn’t know our family of five would move here when my Dad accepted a teaching position at Sydenham High School in 1969.

My grandmother would come to visit and we would meet her train at the Outer Station. I would come to call it the ‘old station’ once the Counter Street station opened in 1974. It was impossible not to notice the Outer Station’s sweeping track curvature which blocked the view of most of a stopped passenger train. The freight yard was seldom full, but this busy corner of Kingston was a gateway, though the long, arrow-straight sightlines at the new station’s platforms were decidedly different.

My Dad and I had a regular Saturday morning routine, of course in a Volkswagen, albeit newer! Visiting local book shops, the A&P, Lloyd Shales Hobby Supplies on Division Street, the Co-op and Queen’s University’s Douglas Library. In the pre-internet era, photocopying there was the way to Copy-Save information! We would head home, surveying the remaining downtown trackage or along the waterfront and grain elevator, looking for any shipping activity.

With CN’s realignment and the stub-ending of the Outer Station trackage, my view of that property changed. It seemed sleepy, down-at-the-heels and no longer a gateway. I wasn’t old enough to know its role was passing into history.  Old enough to drive, I made a few more visits on my own, perhaps finding an occasional train: a stored rail-grinding train, a fibre-optic laying train, even the cabooseless-operation display train. 

Now, I visit that same property for auto rust-proofing! A new dealership is located at the former gateway, as the station buildings crumbled through benign neglect. Things can indeed change in Kingston, and the 50 years I’ve spent visiting the Outer station bear that out.

At present-day 810 Montreal Street, the stone GTR 7-bay Type A station had a gambrel roof with five gabled dormers on a curved attic extension of eaves to shelter passengers on the platform. Curved brackets led from the first storey to the buried roof dormers. Round-arched windows were reminiscent of the solidity displayed by Roman - Neo-Classical style of architecture used for public works, installing an air of permanence and confidence, even of Empire! Its Italianate proportions are attributed to Sir Francis Thompson, GTR’s Montreal architect.

A second, brick building was added in 1895-1898, sitting 100 feet east of the first, echoing its design features with seven arches and similar supporting brackets. The brick has been heavily-painted, with a low, single-storey wooden structure added between the two.

The earlier limestone building hosted offices and waiting room until at least 1892. The second building housed a lunch room. In 1939, the earlier  building was converted to the baggage and express room and station functions moved over to the second building. Renovations in 1970 included extending ticket sales counters when sales staff relocated from the Princess Street ticket office. 

The scope of commercial post-railway operations in the station buildings - Clapperton Crystal in the late 1970s and the Pig & Whistle in the late 1980s, among others, are beyond the scope of this post. The remaining yard track and connection to the mainline were last used for a rail safety display in June, 1995.

CN hasn't been a federal Crown corporation since its 1995 privatization. As a railway operating across provincial boundaries, it's a federally-regulated railway under the Canada Transportation Act. The Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive jurisdiction over interprovincial railways, so properties owned by CN are beyond the jurisdiction of provincial laws like the Ontario Heritage Act. 

The City of Kingston designated the Outer Station as a heritage property in 1987, but that by-law has no impact on CN. The lack of jurisdiction of provincial heritage laws is in large part why the federal Heritage Railway Stations Protection Act was passed in 1988, though the act does contains no provisions for maintenance or to prevent 'demolition by neglect'. The Outer Station was designated under the federal act in 1994, so CN needs permission from the federal Minister of the Environment & Climate Change to alter or demolish the station building or to sell the property - despite the fact that the property has been completely disconnected from CN's railway tracks.

AND NOW...

From the City of Kingston:
CN to demolish two CN Railway Station Structures
March 10, 2026

CN owns the three railway station buildings at 810 Montreal Street. CN has notified the City of Kingston that the structural integrity of the baggage building and the breezeway attached to the baggage building have deteriorated so much that any entry poses extreme safety risks. CN has informed the City that demolition is the only viable course of action and that it will demolish these structures. CN has shared that it is taking this action under the federal legislation in effect on this historic railway station.

To further protect public safety, CN will install fencing around the site to prevent public access during and after demolition.

CN has determined that the stone railway station building on the property does not need to be demolished and that restoration efforts will be explored moving forward.

The railway station buildings are designated as heritage buildings under both federal and provincial legislation. When the City designated the buildings in 1987 (under provincial legislation), CN was a Crown corporation. The intent of the designation, and its consideration within the North Kingstown Secondary Plan, was to protect the heritage character of the buildings if and when CN sold them and to ensure that any future adaptive reuse or development proposals considered the heritage character of the buildings.

In February, 2026 CN was authorized by an Order-In-Council to sell the property to Outer Station Inc. (incorporated in August, 2024 with a head office in Kingston). There will be unknown development on the site, though the City of Kingston will now be the approval authority for further alterations with heritage implications. One last pre-demolition drone video.
Thanks the the 'A&E' connection, two Andrews combining to highlight this post on social media:


Sunday, 25 January 2026

Scenery Upgrade...and a Down Grade

I've been maintaining a short three-item 'TO DO' list for minor scenery projects on my layout, now completed:

1. Replacing the Cataraqui Street crossing, removed when I added a CP lead to Dyeco in 2023. Until now, crossing would have been, as Bette Davis said, 'a bumpy ride'.

I used some board-like brown card-stock and modelling clay, adding cross bucks for realism.

2. Dropping the Kingston Milling/Crawford Coal spur down below layout level. Since I added this spur a year ago redeveloping the CN/CP 'Confederation Basin' station yard, its awkward location at a joint between two pieces of my layout benchwork meant cars sometimes rolled away! I alternate set-outs on this track: coal for Crawford, next time grain for Kingston Milling. The spur and structures are selectively smaller than prototype, but including them has added a lot of operating interest. As a facing-point spur while switching the yard tracks, the spur must be switched on the CN switcher's return trip.
I used a multi-cutter to remove the plywood under the spur, then added a lower piece of wood to form a downgrade. No in-progress photos, just the finished, scenicked product:

3. Adding small embankments between the CN and CP mainlines and the CP lead near the River Street bridge, to visually break up the three-track-main-line look, prototypically leading to the bridge embankment and grade separation. Additional scenery also helped to cover my tracks, actually where the tracks had formally been previously!

I used modelling clay for a base,  then glued rocks and strips of green 'fairy mat'.


While scenicking an entire huge layout is daunting, these tiny micro-sceneries are much more attainable and much more enjoyable to work on and to complete!

Sunday, 18 January 2026

The Black & White CN Era on the Hanley Spur

While trying out various sky effects for layout photography on my Kingston's Hanley Spur, I enlisted the help of CN's Outer Station-based switcher. Here are a few virtual views of the black & white (and red nose all-over) RS-18 3120 wending its way down the spur.






Saturday, 27 December 2025

The Sky's NOT the Limit

I've seen other modellers using AI to replace sky backgrounds. Why? Because basement walls with corners, nailheads, drywall imperfections, doorways, TVs on the wall et al make for distracting photo backgrounds. So far, I've been limited to trying to hold up a dollar-store Bristol-board cloud background. Difficult! Low-tech!

A quick online search led me to free BeFunky sky replacer and I tried it on a few recent images taken on my layout. The first step (top photo) was just to change the existing sky. Then I found the 'Change Sky' option. Some of them are a bit too dramatic, but some aren't. This looks better:

A 'drone view' (above) is somewhat believable with a new sky. One of the limitations of the 'AI' are defining the skyline. The software sometime blurs the background with odd results. Also, some of the options could not be used repeatedly or they'd become recognizable. 
The key to using the tool effectively may be to take a photo with sky replacement in mind, not limiting photography to escape background issues in the layout room!
I screen-shotted the images, removed the watermarks and further adjusted them in Photos. Even tried a black & white image:
Looks like a humid, stormy summer Kingston sky:
Bye-bye, wall!
A couple of before-and-after images as a head-to-head comparison. Look at that pesky corner:
Gone!
Retouched background - still a drop ceiling of a different colour:
Gone!
That corner again:
Gone again!
Tried this option just before I said 'good night'!